Patient Alison Cairnes, left, looks at images with her doctor Shumei Kato, right, at the University of California San Diego in San Diego, Calif., on Aug. 15, 2017. Cairnes’ cancer was between her stomach and esophagus, and had spread to
Patient Alison Cairnes, left, looks at images with her doctor Shumei Kato, right, at the University of California San Diego in San Diego, Calif., on Aug. 15, 2017. Cairnes’ cancer was between her stomach and esophagus, and had spread to her liver, lungs and lymph nodes. Tissue testing found 10 abnormal genes, but on the liquid biopsy “only EGFR popped out” as a good target. Two drugs aim at that gene but aren’t approved for her type of cancer. A tumor board advised trying the combo. Within two weeks, she quit using pain medicines. After two months, her liver tumor had shrunk roughly by half. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull)